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IP 2018 Spring

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 1 of 100

Question 1

Which of the following is the binary number that is obtained by adding the binary numbers 01011010 and 01101011? Here, the binary numbers are expressed as positive 8-bit values.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 2 of 100

Question 2

When the reward for an improvement proposal concerning business operations is determined based on the decision table below, how much is the reward for an improvement proposal that results in an improvement of $20,000 and a turnaround time reduction of three days? Here, “Y” in the table means that each condition holds “true”, and “N” means “not true”. In addition, “√” indicates the reward that applies to each specific combination of these conditions.

ConditionRewardImprovement of less than$10,000YYNNTurnaround time reductionof less than one weekYNYN$50√$100√$150√$300√

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 3 of 100

Question 3

A PC plays back video data recorded at 500×400 pixels per frame, 30 frames per second, and 3 bytes per pixel while reading it from a peripheral device. When the data transfer rate between the peripheral device and the PC is 1×10^6 bytes per second, in order to play back the video without delay, the data must be compressed to one n-th (1/n) in advance. Which of the following is the minimum value of n? Here, the time to expand the compressed data and other impacts can be ignored.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 4 of 100

Question 4

Which of the following describes the relationship that is always true for two (2) sets A and B? Here, (X ∩ Y) represents the part that belongs to both X and Y (intersection set), and (X ∪ Y) represents the part that belongs to at least one of X or Y (union set).

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 5 of 100

Question 5

There is a series of numbered boxes stacked as shown in the figure below. The operations described in the table below are performed in the sequence of operations 1 through 4. When the operation 4 is completed, which of the following shows the status of the stacked boxes?

43221

Fig.

Table

OperationDescription
Operation 1Take two boxes from the top, add the numbers on the boxes, write the sum on a new box, and then put it on the top.
Operation 2Write the number 3 on a new box, and then put it on the top.
Operation 3Take three boxes from the top, calculate the average, write the average value on a new box, and then put it on the top.
Operation 4Take two boxes from the top, calculate the absolute value of the difference between the numbers on the boxes, write the absolute value on a new box, and then put it on the top.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 6 of 100

Question 6

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning HTML?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 7 of 100

Question 7

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of an algorithm that is used on a computer?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 8 of 100

Question 8

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning machine language?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 9 of 100

Question 9

Which of the following is the method for describing the logical structure of a sentence in XML?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 10 of 100

Question 10

Which of the following is appropriate as a description concerning Plug and Play?

Questions 11–20

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 11 of 100

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic common to IEEE 1394 and USB that are often used for connection interfaces between PCs and peripheral devices?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 12 of 100

Question 12

Which of the following is an appropriate combination of words that are inserted into blanks A and B in the description below concerning the execution sequence of instructions in a computer?

In a computer, the instructions are executed in the sequence shown below.

 (1)Refer to the program counter. (2)A the instruction. (3)Set the program counter to the main memory address of the next instruction. (4)B the instruction. (5)Execute processing according to the instruction. (6)Return to (1).
OptionAB

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 13 of 100

Question 13

Which of the following printers can take multiple copies simultaneously by using carbon paper or non-carbon paper at the time of printing?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 14 of 100

Question 14

In the new system environment of Company X, three systems including the customer management system, the ordering management system, and the call center system run at separate locations and connected via a network and they can complement one another in the event of a failure. Also, the system operations are managed at their respective locations. Which of the following is the greatest merit of this new system environment?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 15 of 100

Question 15

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of parallel processing?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 16 of 100

Question 16

Which of the following is the term for the form of using a PC by itself without connecting it to any network?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 17 of 100

Question 17

The diagram below shows the directory structure for a part of a certain file system. Which of the following is the reference from the current directory D3 (indicated with an asterisk “∗”) to the file “a” under the directory D4 (indicated with an arrow)? Here, files are specified as follows:

[Methods to specify files](1)A file is referenced as “directory name\⋯\directory name\file name”, where the directory names on the path are listed and separated with “\” (backslash) in sequence, followed by “\” and the file name.(2)The current directory is represented by “.” (one period).(3)The directory one level above is represented by “..” (two periods).(4)When a reference begins with “\”, it is assumed that the root directory is omitted from the beginning of the reference.(5)When a reference does not start with “\”, “.”, or “..”, it is assumed that “.\”, which means that the reference is under the current directory, is omitted from the beginning of the reference.
D1D2D3D4D5

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 18 of 100

Question 18

Which of the following is an OS function that executes several application programs progressively in turn on a single PC, such as when a file is downloaded from a web site while data is processed with spreadsheet software?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 19 of 100

Question 19

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning the use of OSS (Open Source Software)?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 20 of 100

Question 20

A certain company holds briefing sessions six times a month to attract customers. To manage the attendees in January by using spreadsheet software, a table is created as shown in cells A1 through D8. Then, to manage the attendees in February, cells A2 through D8 are copied to cells F2 through I8, and cell I3 is corrected. Which of the following is the appropriate expression to be entered into cell I3? Here, when the table for February is copied to the table for March, cells should be filled so that the expressions in cells do not have to be changed.

ABCDEFGHI12345678Management of attendees in JanuaryManagement ofattendees in FebruaryBriefingsessionNumber ofattendeesMonth-to-datetotalYear-to-datetotal1stB3B32ndC3+B4D3+B43rdC4+B5D4+B54thC5+B6D5+B65thC6+B7D6+B76thC7+B8D7+B8
Questions 21–30

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 21 of 100

Question 21

The types of programs that are executed at the startup time of a PC are generally classified into three categories: BIOS, OS, and startup services. Which of the following is the list that is arranged in the sequence of the execution of the programs?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 22 of 100

Question 22

Spreadsheet software is used to predict sales according to the weather. The table is a worksheet into which the probability for the weather type (sunny, cloudy, rainy) on the day to be predicted and the predicted sales amount by weather type for each product are entered. An expression is entered in cell E4 to calculate the predicted sales amount on the day for Product A, and this is copied to cells E5 through E6 and used. Under these conditions, which of the following is an appropriate expression to be entered in cell E4? Here, to obtain the predicted sales amount on the day for each product, the probability for each weather type is multiplied by the predicted sales amount for each of weather type, and then these values are added up.

ABCDE123456Weather typeSunnyCloudyRainyProbability ofweather type0.50.30.2Product namePredictedsales amountwhen sunnyPredictedsales amountwhen cloudyPredictedsales amountwhen rainyPredictedsales amounton the dayProduct A300,000100,00080,000Product B250,000280,000300,000Product C100,000250,000350,000

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 23 of 100

Question 23

Which of the following is a typical example of a system operating on a super computer?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 24 of 100

Question 24

Which of the following is an input method where a touch panel is operated by touching it in multiple locations simultaneously?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 25 of 100

Question 25

Which of the following is an international standard for a compression method for still (or static) images?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 26 of 100

Question 26

There are “Sales”, “Customer” and “Product” tables in a relational database. Among lists A through C, which of the following contains all and only the lists that can be created from the data in these tables? Here, a solid underlined part represents a primary key, and a dotted underlined part represents a foreign key.

SalesSalesNumberCustomerNumberProductNumberSalesDateSalesAmountCustomerCustomerNumberCustomerNameProductProductNumberProductCategoryNameProductName
AThe list of customers who bought more than a certain amount of money during a certain period in the pastBThe list of products that were out of stock in the previous monthCThe ranking list for sales amount by product in the previous month

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 27 of 100

Question 27

Which of the following effect is obtained by normalizing the tables of a relational database?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 28 of 100

Question 28

When the order records shown below are entered in the system where each order number must be uniquely assigned, which of the following is the appropriate method for searching the order master file containing all of the past order records, and for checking the uniqueness of the order number?

Order record

Order number(Characterstring)Order date(Year/Month/Day)Item code(Characterstring)Quantity(Numeric value)Customer code(Characterstring)

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 29 of 100

Question 29

When an activity for building a relational database is divided into steps A through C below, which of the following is an appropriate order of the steps?

AIdentifying the data items to be used in the business operationBCreating tablesCInserting records

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 30 of 100

Question 30

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning a virus check for an e-mail?

Questions 31–40

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 31 of 100

Question 31

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of tethering?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 32 of 100

Question 32

Which of the following is an appropriate effect of replacing IPv4 with IPv6?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 33 of 100

Question 33

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning encryption of communication when a website with the URL beginning with “https://” is browsed through a PC browser?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 34 of 100

Question 34

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of SSID that is used in wireless LANs?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 35 of 100

Question 35

When information security measures are grouped into three (3) categories of technical security measures, human security measures, and physical security measures, which of the following is an appropriate example of physical security measures?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 36 of 100

Question 36

Among information security measures A through D implemented in the workplace to maintain the “confidentiality” and “integrity” of information, which of the following is a list of only the appropriate measures?

A:PCs should remain unlocked to keep them ready for operation from the start to the end of the business day.B:Documents and electronic storage media, such as CD-R containing important information, should be stored in locked cabinets except when they are used.C:Documents sent or received by facsimile should be picked up immediately without being left unattended on the tray.D:Messages or information written on the whiteboard should be erased immediately after use.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 37 of 100

Question 37

Among the descriptions A through C below concerning information security measures, which of the following is the list that contains all and only the goals that can be achieved by encrypting communication content?

A:Recovering the data that is tampered with during communicationB:Ensuring that the communication content is not disclosed to a third partyC:Identifying the person involved in tapping if tapping has occurred

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 38 of 100

Question 38

Which of the following is an authentication method where a user uses information that differs each time and is generated with a device called a token or other such device?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 39 of 100

Question 39

In the description below concerning the ISMS conformity assessment scheme, which of the following is an appropriate combination of words to be inserted into blanks A and B?

It is a scheme for assessment and certification of a company or organization for its proper establishment and operation of the A management system and its conformity to the requirements of the ISMS certification standards. The assessment and certification are conducted by B.

OptionAB

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 40 of 100

Question 40

In order to promote risk management, the execution plan for introducing the risk management system was developed as the first step. When the subsequent actions are divided into steps A through C below, which of the following is the order of the steps in accordance with the PDCA cycle?

AImplementing the measures against risks according to the execution planBMeasuring the effect of the implementation and evaluating the effectiveness of the risk management systemCTaking corrective actions and improving the risk management system
Questions 41–50

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 41 of 100

Question 41

All employees are registered in an entry and exit control system with biometric authentication, and the employees who are allowed to enter each room within the company are specified. The exit from a room is not controlled. Among the following lists of the descriptions A through D, which is the list that contains all and only the items that can be achieved by the entry and exit control system?

A:Only authorized employees are allowed to enter a room.B:The time duration for which each person stayed in the room is recorded.C:The employees who attempted to enter a room but were denied the entry are recorded.D:The number of persons in a room is identified.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 42 of 100

Question 42

Which of the following is the most appropriate description concerning SSL/TLS?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 43 of 100

Question 43

Among the countermeasures A through D concerning information security, which of the following is the list that contains all and only the appropriate countermeasures for preventing a virus infection?

A:Installing antivirus softwareB:Applying a security patch (i.e., update module)C:Setting a password for the hard diskD:Encrypting files

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 44 of 100

Question 44

Among the descriptions A through D concerning the operations management of a file server, which of the following is the list that contains all and only the items that are effective as a security measure?

A:The password of an accessing user is complex and of sufficient length.B:Access is enabled only from PCs with the permitted IP address.C:The guest user is also granted permission to access the server.D:The access log of the server is acquired and audited regularly.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 45 of 100

Question 45

Which of the following is the most appropriate description of an information security policy for an organization?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 46 of 100

Question 46

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning program testing?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 47 of 100

Question 47

In system development, which of the following is an activity that is performed after software detailed design?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 48 of 100

Question 48

When the current system is replaced with a new system, the data to be migrated from the current system to the new system and the resources necessary for the migration are listed to create a migration plan. Which of the following is the most appropriate item to be included in the migration plan?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 49 of 100

Question 49

Which of the following is the most appropriate design policy for an output form?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 50 of 100

Question 50

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning the characteristics of the prototyping model?

Questions 51–60

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 51 of 100

Question 51

Availability, performance, data consistency, maintainability, and such other indicators are used to represent the capabilities and quality of a system. Which of the following is an appropriate description of availability?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 52 of 100

Question 52

At the beginning phase of a new personnel system development project, in order to clarify the possible risks, the persons in charge of the planning department, personnel department, and information systems department, who act as the project team members, get together and freely exchange their opinions on the apparent risks concerning the project. What is such a method called?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 53 of 100

Question 53

Which of the following is an appropriate index or indicator that is used to evaluate the quality of deliverables in a system development project?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 54 of 100

Question 54

At the request of a user department, the development department launches a project of system development. Which of the following is the most appropriate role of the project manager?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 55 of 100

Question 55

The project management knowledge areas include project cost management, project human resource management, project time management, and project procurement management. In a system development project, which of the following is an appropriate activity of project procurement management when a device is purchased for testing?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 56 of 100

Question 56

When the progress of a project is managed, which of the following is an appropriate item to be considered?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 57 of 100

Question 57

After the start of a project, the scope is defined by collecting the requirements for the project. Which of the following is the most appropriate purpose of defining the scope?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 58 of 100

Question 58

In order to achieve the objectives of a project, the roles, responsibilities, and skills required for project team members are determined, and the time periods of their participation are also clarified. Which of the following is the appropriate knowledge area of the project management processes where such activities are classified?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 59 of 100

Question 59

The private power generator is installed to protect a business server against electric power failure, but it takes one minute to provide a stable power supply after the power failure is detected. Which of the following devices is necessary to supply temporary power to the server during that one-minute period?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 60 of 100

Question 60

An organization is going to set up a service desk to respond to information system users. Which of the following is the most appropriate description concerning incident handling by the service desk?

Questions 61–70

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 61 of 100

Question 61

When the operation of an information system is outsourced, which of the following is created in order to agree on the quality level for the service to be provided between the outsourcing party and the contractor?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 62 of 100

Question 62

In order to reduce the risk of unauthorized entry into the server room where a computer system is operating, the decision is made not to indicate the installation location of the computers. Which of the following is the appropriate management that corresponds to this measure?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 63 of 100

Question 63

Company A’s internal auditors conduct a system audit concerning the company’s BCP (Business Continuity Plan). The system audit found in the backup measures for computer power supplies that some of the batteries in the uninterruptible power supplies managed by the System Operations Department are deteriorated. Which of the following is the party responsible for making improvements in response to the finding?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 64 of 100

Question 64

Which of the following is the most appropriate phrase to be inserted in blank A in the description below concerning IT control in a company?

A company formulates an effective IT strategy, aiming to A of the organization according to its business strategy, and establishes the life cycle of planning, development, operation, and maintenance of the information systems on the basis of this IT strategy. In order to reduce the risks surrounding the information systems, IT controls are implemented and operated.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 65 of 100

Question 65

IT controls are classified into IT application controls and IT general controls. IT application controls refer to the control activities for ensuring that all approved business operations in the system for managing business operations are processed and recorded appropriately. IT general controls refer to the control activities for guaranteeing the environment in which each IT application control functions effectively. Which of the following controls in a company that performs development and operation of its in-house systems, such as the purchase management system, corresponds to IT application controls?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 66 of 100

Question 66

In order to manufacture one (1) unit of a product, 10 kg of the raw material A and 5 kg of the raw material B are needed. If the amount of raw material that can be used in one (1) month is 60 kg of raw material A and 40 kg of raw material B, what is the maximum number of units of the product that can be manufactured in one (1) month?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 67 of 100

Question 67

Which of the following is a method of education and training by which the techniques and knowledge required for working are mastered through daily work experience?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 68 of 100

Question 68

When there are n evaluation items, n evaluation axes are drawn from the center of a circle so that the circle can be divided into n equal pieces, and then evaluation values are plotted on each axis. Which of the following is the appropriate chart or diagram that is used for determining the relative balance between evaluation items and the distance from averages by connecting neighboring plotted points with line segments?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 69 of 100

Question 69

An implementation plan for a company-wide information system that is consistent with the business strategy is to be created. Which of the following is the most appropriate person to take responsibility for this activity?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 70 of 100

Question 70

The design quality of software is associated with the skills of the designers, the design methods, the design tools, and other factors. Which of the following is an appropriate name for a diagram or a chart that resembles a fishbone and is used for identifying the items that affect the quality?

Questions 71–80

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 71 of 100

Question 71

Company A manufactures and sells product B. Which of the following is the appropriate expression for calculating the total cost of product B? Here, the total cost refers to all the costs incurred until product B is sold.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 72 of 100

Question 72

Which of the following is a mechanism by which interested parties, such as the shareholders or investors, supervise and monitor the management of a company conducted by the management executives and board of directors?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 73 of 100

Question 73

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning the two-dimensional symbol (two-dimensional bar code)?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 74 of 100

Question 74

Which of the following corporate activities is related to compliance promotion?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 75 of 100

Question 75

Which of the following is an appropriate example of a practice based on the concept of Green IT?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 76 of 100

Question 76

Which of the following is an appropriate description of certification to ISO 9001?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 77 of 100

Question 77

Which of the following is the right to protect the content of user guides attached to software packages?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 78 of 100

Question 78

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning a “volume license agreement”?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 79 of 100

Question 79

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of SWOT analysis?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 80 of 100

Question 80

There are two types of performance indexes: one to evaluate the achievement level of a goal and the other to evaluate the method for achieving a goal. When the goal is to “improve the English ability of employees,” which of the following is an appropriate index to represent the achievement level of this goal?

Questions 81–90

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 81 of 100

Question 81

In order to reduce the number of in-process or in-stock items between processes, production is carried out in each process according to the requests from the subsequent process and only the required number of the required items are supplied at the required time to the subsequent process. Which of the following is the system that performs this type of production?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 82 of 100

Question 82

Which of the following is the method for implementing marketing strategies by combining multiple marketing elements?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 83 of 100

Question 83

Which of the following is an explanation of affiliate that is one of the advertisement methods on the Internet?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 84 of 100

Question 84

Among the business management systems, which of the following has an objective of maximizing customer lifetime value? Here, customer lifetime value is the amount of profit expected to be brought into a company by a customer throughout his/her lifetime.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 85 of 100

Question 85

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning a technology roadmap?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 86 of 100

Question 86

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of CAD?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 87 of 100

Question 87

A single unit of Product A is composed of three (3) pieces of Part B and two (2) pieces of Part C. In the production plan for a particular period, when the demand for Product A is 10, which of the following is the net requirement of Part B? Here, the quantity in stock is five (5) for Part B, and there are no other pieces in stock, in process, on back order, or already allocated. The net requirement is calculated by subtracting the stock available for allocation from the gross requirement.

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 88 of 100

Question 88

Which of the following is an appropriate example of a function that uses an IC tag?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 89 of 100

Question 89

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of POS terminals (or POS cash registers) in a supermarket and other such places?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 90 of 100

Question 90

Among the characteristics required for an embedded system, which of the following is the most appropriate terminology used when a certain process must be completed within a given period of time?

Questions 91–100

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 91 of 100

Question 91

When the spreadsheet shown below is converted into CSV format, which of the following is an appropriate list of data that is generated by spreadsheet software? Here, records are separated by the carriage return code “CR”. The expression in a cell is automatically recalculated, and the resulting value is written back into that cell. Although the entered expressions are shown in row 3 and column C below, the resulting values are actually displayed on the screen.

ABC12327A1+B264A2+B1A1+A2B1+B2C2+B3

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 92 of 100

Question 92

Which of the following is classified as a “B to E” transaction?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 93 of 100

Question 93

Which of the following is a term that means that the development and operation of a system is farmed out to an overseas company or an overseas subsidiary?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 94 of 100

Question 94

Which of the following is the most appropriate description concerning DFD notation?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 95 of 100

Question 95

Which of the following is an explanation of a business process model?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 96 of 100

Question 96

Which of the following is an appropriate service that enables the use of business software via the Internet?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 97 of 100

Question 97

The table below shows the evaluated value of the proposals of four (4) vendors from the viewpoints of management, technology, and price. When each value of the management viewpoint, technology viewpoint, and price viewpoint is weighted, and the vendor with the highest total score is selected as the supplier, which of the following vendors is selected?

Evaluation itemWeightVendor AVendor BVendor CVendor D
Managementviewpoint22433
Technologyviewpoint33423
Price viewpoint54243

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 98 of 100

Question 98

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation concerning an RFP (Request for Proposal)?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 99 of 100

Question 99

When the system life cycle is divided into the planning process, requirements definition process, development process, and operation/maintenance process, which of the following is an appropriate process to clarify the functions of the system for the implementation of business operations?

ITPEC IP April 2018 — Question 100 of 100

Question 100

When software is procured based on the procedure shown in the diagram below, which of the following is the most appropriate item to be inserted into blank (1)? Here, each of items a) through d) corresponds to one of blanks (1) through (4).

(User)(Vendor)Creation of requirementsspecificationCreation of RFP(1)Selection of candidatevendors(2)(4)Selection of vendorConclusion of contract(3)
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