ITPEC IP April 2018 Question 43

Installing antivirus software and applying security patches, A and B, are appropriate measures for preventing malware infection. Antivirus detects or blocks malicious content, while patches close vulnerabilities that malware could exploit to enter or execute.

Answer (a)

Why not others:
- a hard-disk password restricts access to a device but does not prevent malware from infecting it during authorized use
- file encryption protects confidentiality but does not make malicious files harmless
- therefore C and D do not directly serve the infection-prevention objective

Key rule: Prevent infection by reducing exploitable vulnerabilities and detecting malicious code; access and encryption controls address different risks.

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