ITPEC FE System Component Questions with Answers

System Component

39 questions · Fundamental Engineering

Apr 2026 · Question 12

Which of the following is the RAID level that can maximize reliability and fault tolerance for a NAS device equipped with two hard disk drives of identical capacity?

a)RAID 0b)RAID 1c)RAID 5d)RAID 6

Apr 2026 · Question 13

The operating status of a system is being continuously monitored. When a new task is applied to the system after several years of operation, which of the following is an appropriate sequence of work items in capacity planning?

[Work items in capacity planning]

(i)Evaluate the proposed system configuration, assess its appropriateness, and conduct a review if necessary.(ii)Consider a proposal for the necessary system configuration based on system characteristics, including factors such as the number of servers and whether parallel distributed processing can be performed.(iii)Understand the performance information of the hardware or environment inherent to the system based on the operating status of the system.(iv)Conduct a meeting with users to gather information about the new task, understand requirements such as the estimated number of processes, and determine the time required by the processes.

a)(iii), (ii), (iv), (i)b)(iii), (iv), (ii), (i)c)(iv), (ii), (i), (iii)d)(iv), (iii), (i), (ii)

Oct 2025 · Question 11

Which of the following is the most appropriate explanation of edge computing?

a)Increasing the operability and expressiveness of web application software by performing screen creation and data processing on the client sideb)Increasing the real-time nature of processing by performing primary processing of data on a server or other such computer in a location close to the origin of data, such as a sensor that is attached to a user or a devicec)Increasing throughput with parallel processing by virtualizing and integrating several servers and PCs and creating a single high-performance computerd)Starting up the required server only when data comes in, and freeing up resources by stopping the server as soon as the processing is finished

Oct 2025 · Question 12

One (1) server, three (3) clients, and two (2) printers are connected via a LAN as shown in the figure below. This system prints data that is located on the server in response to instructions from the clients. When the availability of each device is as shown in the table below, which of the following is the expression that represents the availability for the system? Here, the system is considered available if one (1) of the three (3) clients and one (1) of the two (2) printers are running.

Device	Availability
Server	a
Client	b
Printer	c
LAN	1

a)ab³c²b)a(1−b³)(1−c²)c)a(1−b)³(1−c)²d)a(1−(1−b)³)(1−(1−c)²)

Apr 2025 · Question 12

In a system that is composed of two processing devices, what is the difference in availability between the two conditions below? Here, the availability of each processing device is 0.9, and no other factors besides the processing devices are considered.

[Conditions]

(1)The system is available if at least one of the processing devices is running normally.(2)The system is available only if both of the processing devices are running normally.

a)0.09b)0.10c)0.18d)0.19

Oct 2024 · Question 11

Which of the following is a fail-safe concept for improving the security and reliability of the information system?

a)Even when the user performs an incorrect operation, a problem does not occur in the system.b)Even when there is a partial system fault, the required functions of the overall system are maintained.c)When a device configuring the system fails, damage can be minimized by enabling the system to stop safely.d)When a system failure occurs, processing is continued by switching to a standby system.

Oct 2024 · Question 12

Which of the following is the approximate availability of the system comprising five devices, namely, A, B, C, D, and E as shown in the figure below? The numeric value in parentheses represents the availability of each device. The system is operational if either device connected in parallel is available.

a)0.003b)0.031c)0.282d)0.795

Apr 2024 · Question 11

Which of the following is the design for securing safety and reliability known as “foolproof”?

a)A redundant configuration, such as duplication, can be used so that even when a device failure occurs, the functions of the overall system are not affected.b)Even when the user performs an incorrect operation, a problem does not occur in the system.c)When a device failure occurs, damage can be minimized by enabling the system to stop safely.d)When a device failure occurs, the system runs even if the usable functions are restricted, and the processing efficiency is reduced.

Apr 2024 · Question 12

There is a system where the operating status is continuously monitored. Which of the following is an appropriate sequence of work items in capacity planning that is conducted when a new task is applied to the system after several years of operation?

[Work items in capacity planning]

(i)Evaluate the proposed system configuration, assess its appropriateness, and conduct a review if necessary.(ii)Consider a proposal for the necessary system configuration based on the system characteristics, including factors such as the number of servers and whether parallel distributed processing is performed.(iii)Understand the performance information of the hardware or the environment inherent to the system based on the operating status of the system.(iv)Conduct a meeting with users to gather information about the new task, understand requirements such as the estimated number of processes, and determine the time required for processes.

a)(iii), (ii), (iv), (i)b)(iii), (iv), (ii), (i)c)(iv), (ii), (i), (iii)d)(iv), (iii), (i), (ii)

Oct 2023 · Question 15

Which of the following is the most appropriate explanation of grid computing?

a)A computing task is distributed to several computers in the network to attain computational capacity.b)Physical devices such as computers or network devices are emulated to circumvent compatibility constraints and attain software portability and flexibility.c)Requirements are stated as constraints on response time and/or on the temporal validity of sensory data.d)Sensing devices are connected to a network to provide feedback and control through personal mobile devices.

Oct 2023 · Question 16

Which of the following is an RAID configuration that deploys two parity records to different disk drives enabling two simultaneous disk drive failures in the same RAID group to be recovered?

a)RAID0b)RAID1c)RAID5d)RAID6

Apr 2023 · Question 15

Which of the following is the RAID configuration for achieving the highest speed disk access at the cost of reliability?

a)RAID 0b)RAID 1c)RAID 5d)RAID 6

Apr 2023 · Question 16

When system availabilities of a cold standby system, a simplex system, and a dual system are compared, which of the following shows the order arranged from highest to lowest? Here a computer or computers that compose each system are all the same.

a)Cold standby system, dual system, simplex systemb)Cold standby system, simplex system, dual systemc)Dual system, cold standby system, simplex systemd)Simplex system, cold standby system, dual system

Oct 2022 · Question 15

An information processing system consists of a database and web server with the specifications shown in the table below.

Server Type	Upper Limit of CPU Utilization	Transaction Processing Time required for a CPU (in milliseconds/transaction)
Database	80 %	5
Web	90 %	4

When the throughput of an entire processing system is determined by the throughput of the server with the lowest throughput, what is the throughput of the entire processing system in TPS (transactions per second)? Here, the throughput of a server is calculated by multiplying the number of transactions in a second with the upper limit of CPU utilization. A database and web server perform the processing independently, and there is one CPU in each server.

a)160b)225c)250d)385

Oct 2022 · Question 16

Which of the following is the approximate availability of the entire system in the figure below? The availability is calculated by rounding off to two decimal places. The numeric value within parentheses is the availability of each device, and the system is available when two or more of the devices connected in parallel are operating in the left part (device 1 to 3) and one or more of the devices connected in parallel is operating in the right part (device 4 to 5).

a)0.65b)0.81c)0.94d)0.99

Oct 2022 · Question 57

A system is planned to be operational 22 hours per day. However, there are two (2) failures with downtimes of 0.5 hours and 1.5 hours in 100 days. Which of the following is the approximate MTBF of this system during the period in hours?

a)0.00091b)1.0c)2.0d)1100

Apr 2022 · Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of an HA (High Availability) cluster configuration based on a hot standby method when it is compared to a load distribution cluster configuration that uses a load balancer?

a)A server that has the same specifications is necessary as the secondary server, but since the secondary server takes over the processes in the event of the failure of the primary server, the throughput can be maintained even in the event of a failure.b)Given that processes are distributed to other operational servers in the event of a failure, the load on the servers in operation increases, and the throughput decreases.c)Given that processes can be distributed uniformly, server machines can be utilized effectively, and expandability is ensured, even if the amount of processing increases in the future.d)Given that processes must be consistent among multiple servers in operation, it is necessary to share a database.

Apr 2022 · Question 16

Which of the following is the system configuration that has the highest availability? Here, when systems are connected in parallel, the systems are considered to be operational if at least one (1) of them is operating.

a)A single system with an availability of 99%b)Four (4) identical systems, each with an availability of 70%, are connected in parallel.c)Three (3) identical systems, each with an availability of 80%, are connected in parallel.d)Two (2) identical systems, each with an availability of 90%, are connected in parallel.

Apr 2021 · Question 15

Which of the following is the RAID level where the entire stored data is lost when one of the multi-disks is damaged?

a)RAID 0b)RAID 1c)RAID 5d)RAID 6

Apr 2021 · Question 16

Which of the following is the approximate availability of a system in percentage when the MTBF is 30 days and the MTTR is 6 hours?

a)0.83b)83.33c)98.36d)99.17

Oct 2021 · Question 15

Which of the following is the appropriate description of RAID 5?

a)Bit-level striping with a dedicated parity diskb)Block-level striping with a dedicated parity diskc)Block-level striping with distributed parity disksd)Byte-level striping with a dedicated parity disk

Oct 2021 · Question 16

In the time-chart of a system shown below, the shaded parts represent the normal working hours of the system, and the white parts represent the time when the system is not available due to failure. The numbers inside each part indicate the start and end hours of each state. Which of the following is the availability of the system?

a)0.10b)0.82c)0.90d)0.98

Oct 2021 · Question 57

For servers, the total cost of ownership (TCO) is calculated over a period of 5 years. The purchase price of the servers is $120,500 and the other annual costs are listed as below. What is the TCO of the servers (in dollars)?

Area of cost	Annual cost ($)
Insurance	2,030
Maintenance	1,000
Repair (average)	700
Registration	270

a)28,100b)120,500c)140,500d)622,500

Apr 2020 · Question 13

As a backup system configuration, which of the following is an appropriate description of a hot site?

a)A shared site is prepared, and at the time of the occurrence of a failure, the backed-up data and program are loaded to recover the system, and business operations are resumed.b)A site is operated as a standby site, the data and programs are updated at all times via a network, and the business operation is resumed immediately when a failure occurs.c)A spare site is secured beforehand, and at the time of the occurrence of a failure, the required hardware and the backed-up data and program are loaded to recover the system, and the business operation is resumed.d)Hardware is prepared at a spare site, and the periodically backed-up data and program are loaded and stored. At the time of occurrence of a failure, the system is restored by making use of these stored entities, and the business operation is resumed.

Apr 2020 · Question 14

A RAID 6 server is configured with six hard disk drives, and each drive’s capacity is one TB. What is the maximum total data storage capacity in TB? Here, spare disks are not used.

a)3b)4c)5d)6

Apr 2020 · Question 15

The life cycle of a computer system can be classified from the viewpoint of failure into the three periods of early failure period, random failure period, and wear-out failure period. Which of the following is the most appropriate description of the measures in the early failure period?

a)Implementing prior replacement of componentsb)Implementing scheduled maintenance and condition-based maintenancec)Performing age-based maintenance on the basis of the cumulative operating time of the items that make up the systemd)Strengthening the design review and failure analysis in order to reduce errors in the design and manufacturing

Oct 2020 · Question 14

In a web system, which of the following is an appropriate benefit of a web server and an application (AP) server being placed on different physical servers?

a)Because the business logic that accompanies an access to data is placed in a program on the web server, the program on the AP server does not need to be changed in association with a change in the business logic.b)Because the difference between the character coding scheme of the web browser and that of the AP server is absorbed by the web server, garbled (or unreadable) characters do not appear.c)Because the execution environment of the client is implemented on the web server, the client and the AP server do not need to exchange screen data for each request, and only a small amount of data communication is required.d)Processing can be distributed according to the type of request from a client in such a way that a request for static content having a light load is processed by the web server, and a request for dynamic content having a heavy load is processed by the AP server.

Oct 2020 · Question 15

Which of the following achieves data redundancy via mirroring?

a)RAID 0b)RAID 1c)RAID 5d)RAID 6

Oct 2020 · Question 55

Which of the following is an appropriate definition of the total cost of ownership (TCO) in the context of system cost?

a)It is the total amount of expenses at the time of system installation.b)It is the total amount of expenses related to the development of business systems.c)It is the total amount of expenses, including those from system installation through operation and maintenance/management.d)It is the total amount of operation expenses for systems related to communications and networking.

Oct 2019 · Question 14

When two computers have been prepared, and the computer in use fails, which of the following is the system that continues processing by promptly switching to the backup computer that has started the same online processing programs as those on the currently-used computer in advance, and is on standby?

a)Cold standby systemb)Hot standby systemc)Multiprocessor systemd)Multiuser system

Oct 2019 · Question 15

Which of the following is essential to realizing a fault-tolerant system?

a)Automatically recording the history, such as information about changes to the database, while the system is in operation in order to investigate causes of system failure and restore the system in the event of a system failureb)Designing for easy operations so that operational errors do not occur easily, or designing operations in such a way that even if an operational error occurs, it does not result in a fatal errorc)Periodically taking a data backup so that the status prior to the failure can be restored to a reserve environment without delay in the event of a failured)Providing redundancy in the system configuration to minimize the impact from any failure of parts so that processing can be continued without affecting the overall system

Oct 2019 · Question 16

There exists a device with an MTBF of forty-five (45) hours and an MTTR of five (5) hours. What is the availability of a system that connects two (2) such devices in series?

a)0.81b)0.90c)0.95d)0.99

Oct 2019 · Question 63

Concerning computerization costs, which of the following is the cost that indicates the running cost?

a)The consulting cost of information systems strategy planningb)The cost of system engineering for performance requirements definitionc)The installation cost of software packagesd)The maintenance cost of information-processing equipment, such as a server

Apr 2019 · Question 13

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning the recording method of RAID5?

a)It distributes the data over multiple hard disk drives, writes the data in units of bits, and writes the ECC (Error Correction Codes) on multiple hard disk drives.b)It distributes the data over multiple hard disk drives, writes the data in units of blocks, and distributes and writes the parity on multiple hard disk drives.c)It distributes the data over multiple hard disk drives, writes the data in units of bytes, and writes the parity on one (1) hard disk drive.d)It writes the same data on two (2) hard disk drives to create a mirror disk.

Apr 2019 · Question 14

Which of the following is the most appropriate description of a dual system?

a)It loads the online processing program of the active system on to a backup system and sets it to a standby status. In the event of a failure in the active system, it immediately switches to the backup system and continues the processing.b)It prepares a duplicate processor, memory, communication channel, and power supply system and continues the processing even in the event of a failure in any of the devices.c)It provides a duplicate system for performing the same processing and checks the accuracy of the processing by collating the processing results. In the event of a failure in either system, it continues the processing by the degraded operation.d)It provides an active system for performing online processing and keeps a backup system on standby while batch processing is being performed. In the event of a failure in the active system, it switches to the backup system and continues the online processing.

Apr 2019 · Question 15

A system has devices with availability R, connected as shown in the figure below. Which of the following is the expression that represents the availability of the entire system? Here, a parallel connection only requires either of the two devices to be functional, whereas a series connection requires both the devices to be functional.

a)(1− (1−R)²)²b)(1− (1−R²))²c)1− (1−R)⁴d)1− (1−R²)²

Oct 2018 · Question 15

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of a benchmark test?

a)It evaluates the performance by analyzing the system processing theoretically and estimating the processing time from the number of occurrences and predicted number of executions of individual instructions, rather than actually executing a program.b)It evaluates the system performance by using a program in which a model is created and simulated for the purpose of evaluation with the inclusion of future estimates.c)It executes a standard program selected in accordance with the usage purpose, and measures the system’s processing performance.d)It measures the operating condition of a system and the status of resources using a program for monitoring and measuring, and obtains data on the system configuration and response performance.

Apr 2018 · Question 13

Which of the following is a method that increases the speed of data input/output by dividing logically sequential data and writing the divided data into multiple hard disks?

a)Disk cacheb)Mirroringc)Stripingd)Swapping

Apr 2018 · Question 15

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning system availability?

a)Even if the MTBF is different, the system availability is equal if the MTTR is equal.b)If the MTTR can be shortened without changing the MTBF, the system availability improves.c)If the MTTR does not change and the MTBF increases, the system availability deteriorates.d)If the sum of the MTBF and the MTTR is equal, the system availability is equal.