Basic Theory
52 questions · IT Passport
Which of the following is the logical operation that is equivalent to the truth table below?
When a chairperson and a secretary are selected from three (3) candidates with a method that allows dual roles, there are three (3) ways for the selection of a chairperson and three (3) ways for the selection of a secretary, so in total, there are nine (9) combinations for the selection of a chairperson and a secretary. When a chairperson and a secretary are selected from five (5) candidates with a method that allows dual roles, how many combinations for the selection are there?
Which of the following is the most appropriate technology that is used in deep learning, an AI-related technology?
As shown in Figure 1, there is a box that generates a single output for two (2) inputs. The input in this box is either “Agree” or “Disagree,” and the output of “Agree” is generated only when both inputs are “Agree,” while in other cases the output of “Disagree” is generated. When three (3) inputs are entered into two (2) boxes as shown in Figure 2, which of the following is the correct description concerning the output?
Figure 1
Figure 2
Which of the following is the binary result of the multiplication of binary 1011 and binary 101?
The automation of the inspections performed by a quality controller is considered. By providing as training data 10,000 product images and the results of judgments by the quality controller about whether each product is defective or not, a machine learning model is created to judge whether a product is defective or not. The results of a test judgement by a machine learning model on 100 product images are as shown in the table. When the ratio of the number of images that product is judged to be defective by the machine learning model out of the images that product is judged to be defective by the quality controller is deemed to be the recall rate, what is the recall rate in this test judgement?
When a six (6)-sided dice with the numbers 1 to 6 is thrown three (3) times, what is the probability of not getting any 1?
Which of the following is the most appropriate description concerning deep learning?
Which of the following is always true for two (2) sets A and B? Here, (X ∩ Y) represents the set that contains only the elements that are in both X and Y (intersection set), and (X ∪ Y) represents the set that contains all of the elements that are in at least one of X or Y (union set).
Which of the following is the binary number that is obtained by adding the binary numbers 01011010 and 01101011? Here, the binary numbers are expressed as positive 8-bit values.
Which of the following is the combination of the mean and median of the data?
[Data]
10, 20, 20, 20, 40, 50, 100, 440, 2000
Which of the following is the appropriate description concerning the prefix of the International System of Units (SI) that is used to indicate CPU clock frequency, communication speed, and other such things?
Which of the following is one of the technologies used in deep learning, and represents a mathematical model of the circuits in the human brain?
Which of the following is a standard encoding system that is widely used for handling multilingual text and symbols around the world as a single character set?
Which of the following is the combination of terms or phrases to be inserted into blanks A through C in the description below concerning a method for representing information?
Data that represents information by using a continuous, variable physical volume (length, angle, voltage, etc.) is called A data, and data that represents information by using discrete numerical values is called B data. A CD that is used for the distribution of music and songs is an optical disc medium that stores information as C data.
Japanese restaurants in Sapporo and Japanese restaurants in Hakodate are to be searched for together. Which of the following is the logical expression that represents the search condition?
As shown in the figure below, decimal numbers 2, 5, 10, and 21 are represented using five (5) squares that are black or white.
A white square indicates 0, and a black square indicates a different positive value that is determined depending on the position of the square. The sum total of the values of the five (5) squares represents a decimal number. Which of the following is the decimal number that is represented by ■■□□□?
When a path goes from node A1 to node C2 in Fig. 1 and the passing nodes are counted as shown in Fig. 2, there are three shortest paths with the minimum number of passing nodes. How many shortest paths are there available to go from node A1 to node D4 via node C2?
Which of the following is the most appropriate description concerning deep learning?
A person wishes to start at point X, pass through all of points A, B, and C, and arrive at point Y. When the routes and the required times between points are as shown in the figure and the table, what is the shortest time in minutes from point X to point Y? Here, the points A, B, and C may be passed through in any order.
Which of the following histograms has the largest variance? Here, the scale of the vertical axis is the same on each histogram and the scale of the horizontal axis is the same on each histogram.
When three balls are picked out consecutively from a box containing three white balls and four black balls, which of the following is the lowest probability?
Which of the following is a search condition for the shaded portion of the Venn diagram below?
Which of the following is an appropriate search expression for searching for information concerning “men who are younger than 20 years and men who are older than 65 years”?
There are five (5) lamps arranged in line. Each of them can be turned on and off independently. How many patterns are there where two (2) or more lamps are turned on? Here, the pattern where all lamps are turned on is counted as one (1) and the pattern where any one of them is turned on is counted as five (5).
Which of the following is a term that refers to something that is modeled on the mechanism of a human brain and imitated with a computer program?
Which of the following is a search condition for the black area of the Venn diagram shown below?
Which of the following is obtained by multiplying the binary value 10110 by three (3)?
Which of the following is the result from the bit-wise logical product of an 8-bit binary data X and 00001111? Here, the left side of the data is the high-order, and the right side is the low-order.
In phone numbers that have the format below, eight billion numbers are to be created. What is the minimum number of digits required for the phone numbers? Here, “020” is included in the digits.
Which of the following is an appropriate purpose of appending a check digit to a customer code?
In supervised learning, which of the following is the most appropriate term that represents the task of attaching the information that serves as the correct answer?
When AI is classified into “strong AI,” which can make judgments on various problems, and “weak AI,” which can make judgments only on specific problems, which of the following is the most appropriate description of “weak AI”?
Which of the following is performed by backpropagation, which is used for training a neural network?
A certain reasoning system can perform reasoning such as deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, and hypothesis formation. Among the descriptions concerning the input to this reasoning system and the output obtained, which of the following is an appropriate example of performing deductive reasoning?
Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of prompt engineering in AI?
In generative AI, which of the following is the most appropriate term that represents the output of content that is plausible but differs from the facts?
Which of the following is the most appropriate description concerning generative AI?
When the scales of data are classified into the four (4) scales of nominal scale, ordinal scale, interval scale, and ratio scale, which of the following falls under the interval scale?
In AI, which of the following is the term for something that has been trained on wide-ranging and large amounts of data, and has the characteristic that it can be adapted to various uses, such as text-generation AI, through fine-tuning or other such methods?
There is an AI system that solves problems and chooses the correct answer from an answer group. Each time this system goes through one learning process, its error rate decreases by 5% in the comparison before and after the learning process (it becomes 95% of the previous error rate). When the current correct answer rate is 30%, at least how many more learning processes are needed for the correct answer rate to exceed 35%?
Which of the following is the AI technology that automatically extracts the features of dogs, cats, and others from a large number of images showing animals, so that the kinds of animals can be identified?
Which of the following is the appropriate combination of terms to be inserted into blanks A through C in the description below concerning learning methods of machine learning in AI?
Supervised learning is a learning method in which, by inputting training data with correct answers attached, it becomes possible to divide unknown data into multiple classes by a technique called A, and to find relationships in data by a technique called B. Unsupervised learning is a learning method in which, by inputting training data without correct answers attached, it gradually becomes possible to correctly divide data into groups by a technique such as the one called C.
Which of the following is the most appropriate description concerning a neural network?
The results of an examination in four (4) subjects taken by 10,000 examinees are as shown in the table, and it is assumed that the score distribution of every subject follows a normal distribution. When the scores of an examinee in the four subjects were all 71 points, which of the following is the subject in which this examinee obtained the highest deviation value?
Unit: Points
Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning the activation function in a neural network that is used in AI?
Which of the following is the most appropriate description of an example of supervised learning?
Which of the following is the appropriate combination of words to be inserted into blanks A and B in the following description concerning reasoning?
A is a method of obtaining a rule that is common to individual cases on the basis of those cases, and the rule obtained B.
When the long side of a sheet of A3-size paper is folded in half, it becomes the size of A4, and the ratio of short side : long side does not change. Approximately how many times the long side of A4 size is the long side of A3 size?
Which of the following is an appropriate example of machine learning in an image recognition system?