ITPEC IP April 2023 Question 91

A car that accelerates, steers and brakes without the driver — autonomous driving, the only option that uses artificial intelligence.

An autonomous car has to recognise lanes, vehicles, pedestrians and signs from camera and sensor data, predict how they will move and decide how to drive, in situations nobody programmed step by step. That recognition and judgement, learned from data by machine learning such as deep learning, is what AI supplies. The other options only collect and report data, reach agreement by a fixed protocol, or execute an instruction given in advance.

Answer (a)

Why not others:

• •(b) — checking room or toilet occupancy in real time is IoT: sensors report their state over a network, and nothing is inferred or decided
• •(c) — approving a transaction by distributed consensus without a central administrator such as a bank is blockchain, the technology behind cryptocurrencies
• •(d) — a transfer entered in advance from a home PC and executed automatically is online banking with a scheduled transfer; it follows a fixed instruction

Key rule: Ask whether the system recognises and judges by itself: that is AI; sensing and reporting is IoT, and consensus without a central administrator is blockchain.

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