ITPEC IP April 2021 Question 50
When system development is conducted sequentially from upstream to downstream processes, a significant amount of rework might arise in the test phase that is performed by the system user. For the purpose of preventing such rework, which of the following is the method that is used to create trial models in an early stage and clarify user requirements?
Explanation
Prototyping — build a trial model early so users can see it and pin down their requirements.
In the waterfall model, users first see a working system at the acceptance test, so a misunderstood requirement surfaces late and forces rework through every earlier phase. A prototype of the screens, forms or key functions is shown to users early; their reactions correct and complete the requirements before full-scale design and programming begin.
Answer (d)
Why not others:
- •(a) Object-oriented approach — a way of analysing and designing the system as objects that combine data and the operations on it; it does not mean building a trial model
- •(b) Spiral model — divides the system into parts and repeats the cycle of design, development and evaluation, with risk analysis, growing the system with each turn; it may use prototypes, but the named technique for an early trial model is prototyping
- •(c) Data oriented approach — designs the system around its data, which changes less than the business processes; it is also a design approach, not a trial model
Key rule: When the goal is to clarify vague user requirements early, the answer is prototyping; the spiral model is about growing the system in risk-driven cycles.
Software Development Management Techniques · AI-written, may contain errors
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