ITPEC IP October 2018 Question 47
Which of the following is the test method that verifies a system based solely on the functions as it is seen from the outside and with no consideration of the internal structure, focusing only on inputs and outputs to check that the output expected from the system specifications is obtained for any given input?
Explanation
Black box test — test cases come from the specification alone: inputs are given and outputs are compared with what the specification expects, with the program's inside treated as a closed box.
Typical techniques are equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis and decision tables. A black box test finds missing functions and wrong outputs, but it cannot show which internal paths were executed.
Answer (c)
Why not others:
- •(a) Operational test — a test in the actual operating environment and procedures before going live; it names a stage, not the viewpoint of inputs and outputs
- •(b) Integration test — combines modules and checks the interfaces between them; it is a test level, which can use black box or white box cases
- •(d) White box test — the opposite: test cases are derived from the internal structure so that statements, branches and conditions are executed (coverage)
Key rule: Black box and white box say where test cases come from (the specification or the internal logic); unit, integration, system and operational tests are levels, and any level can use black box cases.
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