ITPEC FE Morning April 2022 Question 35
Which of the following is an Internet standard that is used to convert IP addresses to the corresponding MAC addresses?
Explanation
ARP — the Address Resolution Protocol finds the MAC address that belongs to a given IP address on the local network.
To deliver a frame on an Ethernet LAN, the sender needs the destination's MAC address. It broadcasts an ARP request asking which station has the target IP address; that station replies with its MAC address, and the sender caches the pair in its ARP table. For a destination outside the LAN, the address resolved is that of the default gateway.
Answer (a)
Why not others:
- •(b) ICMP — carries error and control messages for IP, such as destination unreachable and the echo request and reply used by
ping; it resolves no addresses. - •(c) RARP — the reverse direction: a station finds its own IP address from its MAC address, a role later taken over by BOOTP and DHCP.
- •(d) RIP — a distance-vector routing protocol that exchanges routes between routers by hop count.
Key rule: ARP resolves IP to MAC, RARP resolves MAC to IP, and DNS resolves host names to IP addresses.
Networks · AI-written, may contain errors
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