ITPEC FE Morning April 2020 Question 9

Source exam: ITPEC FE Morning April 2020Topic: Computer Systems & Hardware

ITPEC FE Morning April 2020 — Question 9 of 80

RISC vs CISC — RISC uses uniform instruction length for efficient pipelining.

RISC characteristics:
- Fixed (uniform) instruction length

- Simple instructions, each executes in one clock cycle

- Optimized for pipelining

- More instructions needed per task, but each is fast

- Hardware-based execution (no microcode)

CISC characteristics:
- Variable instruction length

- Complex instructions (one instruction can do multi-step operations)

- Uses microcode to decode complex instructions

- Fewer instructions per task, but each takes multiple cycles

Why not others:
- (a) Micro-code architecture — this is a CISC feature, not RISC

- (c) Variable instruction length — CISC uses variable length; RISC uses fixed/uniform

- (d) Complex instructions with few instructions — this literally describes CISC

Key rule: RISC = Reduced, uniform, pipeline-friendly. CISC = Complex, variable, microcode-driven.

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