ITPEC FE Morning October 2019 Question 55
In order to analyze the trend of issues that occur in a project, the number of issues by management item, such as the stakeholders, cost, schedule, quality, etc., are arranged in order starting with the highest number of issues in the form of a bar graph, and a diagram is prepared in which the number of issues accumulated in this order are superimposed in the form of a line graph. Which of the following is this diagram?
Explanation
Pareto diagram — bars sorted from the largest category down, with the cumulative total drawn as a line over them.
Counting the issues by management item (stakeholders, cost, schedule, quality and so on) and sorting the bars in descending order shows which items cause most of the issues, and the cumulative line shows what share the top few account for. Usually a few categories, the vital few, make up most of the total, so countermeasures go there first.
Answer (c)
Why not others:
- •(a) Cause and effect diagram — the fishbone (Ishikawa) diagram arranges the possible causes of one problem as branches; it has no counts or bars
- •(b) Control chart — plots a measured value over time between upper and lower control limits to judge whether a process is stable
- •(d) Scatter diagram — plots pairs of values of two variables as points to show whether they are correlated
Key rule: Tell QC tools apart by their shape: sorted bars with a cumulative line rank categories, branches list causes, a line between limits tracks stability, and points show correlation.
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