ITPEC IT Passport System Component Questions with Answers

System Component

39 questions · IT Passport

Apr 2026 · Question 14

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of parallel processing?

a)It is the division of a series of processing into processing units that can be executed simultaneously, and the execution of these on multiple CPUs.b)It is the execution of multiple related processes that are grouped together as a single process.c)It is the performing of business logic and database processes on the server side, and the performing of user interface processes on the client side.d)It is the division of processing time for a single CPU into short units, and the sequential allocation of these to multiple applications for execution.

Apr 2026 · Question 15

Which of the following includes all the appropriate measures to enable the normal execution of processing even in the event of a failure in part of a system?

(1)Configuring HDDs with mirroring(2)Minimizing the frequency of maintenance and inspections after stable operation of the system starts(3)Grouping multiple redundant network lines into a single high-speed line(4)Making power supply redundant with the use of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), etc.

a)(1), (3)b)(1), (4)c)(2), (3)d)(2), (4)

Apr 2025 · Question 14

Which of the following is an appropriate characteristic of a dual system?

a)It provides two (2) sets of systems that perform the same processing and checks the correctness of the processing by comparing the results. If one of the systems fails, it isolates the failed system and continues the processing.b)The same two (2) devices are used, so that the processing capability can be increased to double that of a simplex system.c)It provides a currently used system for performing online processing and also a backup system that is made on standby while performing batch processing. In the event of a failure in the currently used system, it switches to the backup system, starts the online processing on it, and continues the service.d)It connects multiple devices in series and configures them in such a way that the load of each function is distributed among them, so that processing capability is high. But if any one of the devices fails, it becomes unable to provide the service.

Apr 2025 · Question 15

Among the changes A through D in a client/server system, which of the following is the list that contains all and only the appropriate changes for reducing the response time?

A:Establishing a high-speed line between the client and the server, and reducing the time taken to transmit dataB:Increasing the number of clients, and reducing the waiting time for users before using clientsC:Reducing the time taken for data entry by users on the client’s input screenD:Making the server high-performance, and reducing the server’s processing time

a)A, B, Cb)A, Dc)B, Cd)C, D

Apr 2025 · Question 16

There is a web system that is composed of two (2) web servers and one (1) database server as shown in the figure. When the availability of each Web server is 0.8 and the availability of the Database server is 0.9, which of the following is the availability of this system rounded off to two (2) decimal places? Here, if at least one (1) of the two (2) Web servers are operating and the Database server is operating, it is considered that the system is operating. Also, a fault occurs randomly on each server.

a)0.04b)0.58c)0.86d)0.96

Apr 2025 · Question 23

Which of the following is a space-saving server where computer components including the CPU, main memory, and storage are installed on a single circuit board and multiple circuit boards are mounted in racks?

a)DNS serverb)FTP serverc)Web serverd)Blade server

Oct 2025 · Question 14

The system configurations A through C are made up by connecting multiple identical devices. Which of the following is the list where A through C are sorted in descending order of availability? Here, ─▭─ represents a device. The parallel connection requires only one (1) of the devices to be functional, while the series connection requires all devices to be functional.

a)A, B, Cb)B, A, Cc)C, A, Bd)C, B, A

Oct 2025 · Question 15

When the processing speed of the system overall is constrained because of slow processing speed in one of the components, which of the following is the term for the component that is causing the problem?

a)Throughputb)Defragmentationc)Flowchartd)Bottleneck

Oct 2025 · Question 16

Among the descriptions A through C below concerning the effects that are obtained by simultaneously running multiple virtual servers on one (1) physical computer, which of the following lists all and only the appropriate descriptions?

A:Each virtual server can run an OS with a different version, and the resources of the physical computer can be utilized effectively.B:The throughput that is gained when the number of virtual servers is increased is the same as when the number of physical computers is increased by the same number.C:A volume of data that is the same as the capacity of the HDD on the physical computer can be simultaneously recorded on all of the virtual servers.

a)Ab)A, Cc)Bd)C

Oct 2025 · Question 34

Which of the following is the most appropriate description of edge computing in an IoT system?

a)In order to reduce the load on IoT servers caused by an increase in IoT devices, it performs as much data processing as possible close to an IoT device.b)It creates a sequence of data that compiles multiple transactions at certain time intervals, and increases the reliability of the data by embedding in an item of data a hash value of the previous item of data to associate items of data with each other and ensure the data is difficult to tamper with.c)Computer resources are aggregated in a data center, and used from a remote location via the network.d)It enables a computer to acquire new knowledge, rules, and other such things from input data without explicit programming.

Apr 2024 · Question 14

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning the reliability of a system or a device?

a)Controlling a system in a safe state in order to minimize damage when a fault occurs in a device is called foolproof.b)Reducing the probability of occurrence of a fault in a device by using high-quality and high-reliability parts and elements is called fail-safe.c)Enabling continuation of system processing when a fault occurs in a system due to an error is called fault tolerance.d)Taking measures in the design stage so that humans do not make mistakes in system operation, or no faults or failures occur even if they make mistakes is called fail soft.

Apr 2024 · Question 15

Among the costs below concerning a sales management system, which of the following is the list that contains all costs that are included in TCO?

(i)The purchase cost for products handled by the sales management system(ii)The shipment cost for products handled by the sales management system(iii)The software maintenance cost for the sales management system(iv)The hardware maintenance cost for the sales management system

a)(i), (ii)b)(i), (iv)c)(ii), (iii)d)(iii), (iv)

Apr 2024 · Question 16

In a web service and other services, in order to increase reliability and process a large volume of accesses from users, which of the following is a technique that links multiple computers and makes them work as if they were a single computer?

a)Clusteringb)Spoolingc)Bufferingd)Mirroring

Apr 2024 · Question 46

In order to achieve a non-stop system, which of the following is an appropriate item to be considered during the design of the system architecture?

a)Partitioning of software into componentsb)Encryption of datac)Reduction in power consumption of hardwared)Dual redundancy of hardware

Oct 2024 · Question 14

Two (2) HDDs are connected to a server for storing data. When at least one (1) of the HDDs is working, stored data needs to be available. Which of the following is an appropriate configuration that should be used for the HDDs?

a)Stripingb)Data miningc)Tetheringd)Mirroring

Apr 2023 · Question 14

Which of the following is an explanation of a dual system?

a)It is a computer system in which exactly the same processing is performed in two computers, and its reliability is assured by cross-checking the results.b)It is a computer system that is composed of a primary system used usually and a secondary system kept on standby in preparation for a failure.c)It is a distributed processing system with computers connected via a peer-to-peer network.d)It is a distributed processing system that has a clear hierarchichy of computers connected via a network.

Apr 2023 · Question 15

When information processing systems are classified by their processing methods as shown in the figure below, which of the following is an explanation of a horizontal load distribution system?

a)Data is entered and the processing requests and results are displayed at client PCs. The data is processed at the server side and the results are returned as the responses.b)A dedicated computer such as a print server or a mail server is provided, in addition to a computer that runs applications for processing business data.c)Sales data of a branch office is processed by a computer in each branch office and the results are collected and processed by a computer at the headquarters.d)The same application runs on several computers so that processing is not concentrated in one (1) computer.

Apr 2023 · Question 16

Which of the following is an appropriate description of batch processing?

a)A method of processing data all together by collecting the data of a certain duration or a certain quantityb)A method of executing a process immediately when a request for processing of data is made, and returning the result of the process within a short time limit such as a few secondsc)A method of distributing processes to multiple computers or processors, and reducing the time of executiond)A method of processing where a computer responds to a request for processing from a user, executes processes and proceeds with activities as if it is having a conversation with the user

Oct 2023 · Question 11

Which of the following is a method of writing the same data to multiple hard disks simultaneously and improving reliability rather than performance?

a)Stripingb)Pagingc)Interleavingd)Mirroring

Oct 2023 · Question 14

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning a benchmark test?

a)It focuses on input and output instead of the processing structure in the system in order to test if the output are as per the specifications for various input.b)It focuses on the internal processing structure of the system and sets test cases that cover conditions such as branching conditions and repetition conditions in order to test if the behavior of the processing is as intended by the design.c)It predicts performance of a system to be created before it is designed, by mathematically modeling the behavior of the system and simulating its behavior by using a pseudo program.d)It evaluates performance by performing a standard processing on an actual system and comparing the performance such as the time taken for the processing with other systems.

Oct 2023 · Question 17

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of the virtualization of a server?

a)It is a technique for virtually creating computer-generated worlds or immersive environments that users can interact with.b)It is a technique for virtually operating the GUI of a remote computer connected via a network by using a local computer.c)It is a technique for virtually implementing and operating two or more computers on a single computer.d)It is a technique for virtually allocating more memory space than the capacity of main memory by using a particular part of auxiliary storage.

Apr 2022 · Question 16

Among the methods I through III for handling multiple hard disks as one (1) logical disk, which of the following lists all and only the methods that can recover data even if one of the constituent hard disks fails?

IRAID5IIStripingIIIMirroring

a)I, IIb)I, II, IIIc)I, IIId)II, III

Apr 2022 · Question 23

Which of the following is an appropriate description of a blade server?

a)It uses multiple board-type computers equipped with CPU and memory, housed in a dedicated body.b)It enables the use of office software, e-mail software, etc. as web services over the Internet.c)It is embedded in equipment such as home appliances or automobiles.d)It supports handwriting input function by using a liquid crystal display with a touch panel.

Oct 2022 · Question 14

Which of the following is an appropriate explanation of the hot standby system?

a)It is a system configuration where a collection of various types of hardware, software, and data on the Internet is provided to the user.b)It is a system configuration where a high level of reliability can be obtained by simultaneously operating the two (2) sets of equipment and by always performing the same processing while cross-checking the results.c)It is a system configuration where a backup machine is always kept ready in an operable state and is immediately switched into operation at the occurrence of a failure.d)It is a system configuration where a backup machine is arranged, and at the occurrence of a failure, the operator in charge starts up the backup machine and switches it into operation.

Oct 2022 · Question 16

The life cycle of a device is divided in terms of failures into three (3) periods, namely, the initial failure period, the random failure period, and the wear-out failure period, as time goes by. In the first initial failure period, the failure rate decreases as time goes by. Then, the device reaches a stable state, and the failure rate is effectively constant in the subsequent random failure period while time goes by. In the final wear-out failure period, the failure rate increases as time goes by, and the life of the device eventually ends. Which of the following is a representation of the relation between the failure rate and time?

a)Gantt chartb)Reliability growth curvec)Bathtub curved)Radar chart

Oct 2021 · Question 15

Among the system configurations shown below, which of the following has the lowest probability of causing the entire system to stop at the occurrence of a failure? Here, ─▭─ represents an identical device. When the devices are connected in parallel, only one device must be running, and when the devices are connected in serial, all devices must be running.

a)b)c)d)

Oct 2021 · Question 59

Which of the following is an appropriate description concerning reliability?

a)The availability of the device increases if the MTBF and MTTR are lengthened.b)The availability of the device increases if the MTBF is lengthened and the MTTR is shortened.c)If the MTBF is lengthened, the MTTR is shortened.d)If the MTTR is shortened, the MTBF is lengthened.

Apr 2020 · Question 15

There is a system where two units of the same device with availability of 0.9 are connected in series. When one (1) more unit of the same device is added so that three (3) units of the device are connected in series in the system, which of the following is the appropriate description of the availability of the entire system, when the system with two units of the device in series is a reference point?

a)It increases by 10%.b)It remains unchanged.c)It decreases by 10%.d)It decreases by 30%.

Apr 2020 · Question 16

Which of the following is the most appropriate explanation of TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) that is a major factor when any purchasing decision is made for a system?

a)It is the sum of the operation and management costs incurred after the installation of the system.b)It is the sum of the costs required to troubleshoot software and hardware faults that occur after the installation of the system.c)It is the sum of the costs incurred during the installation of the system and the operation and management costs incurred after the installation.d)It is the sum of the costs incurred during the installation of the system and the planning phase of the system.

Oct 2020 · Question 14

Which of the following is an explanation of the reliability index that is calculated by the expression below?

MTBFMTBF + MTTR

a)Average time until a system failure occursb)Average time taken to recover a system after a failurec)Proportion of the operation time of a system to the total timed)Proportion of the downtime of a system to the total time

Oct 2020 · Question 15

When a computer system operates for 1,200 hours, the status of the normal operation time and the repair time is shown in the table below. What is the value of MTTR of the system?

a)10b)15c)20d)45

Oct 2020 · Question 23

Which of the following is the appropriate merit of server virtualization?

a)It enables a single computer to be run like it was multiple servers, so it enables the flexible distribution of physical resources in response to demand.b)A server is built by plugging the required number of blades that have a computer function into a chassis, so the number of machines can be flexibly increased and decreased.c)The computers that constitute a server are used without being connected to other servers, so security can be improved.d)Multiple computers that constitute a server perform the same processing and the results of the processing are cross-checked against each other, so reliability can be improved.

Apr 2019 · Question 15

When MTBF is 600 hours and MTTR is 12 hours, what is the approximate availability?

a)0.02b)0.20c)0.88d)0.98

Oct 2019 · Question 14

Two (2) HDDs are connected to a server. If only one (1) of the HDDs fails, the operation needs to be able to continue. Which of the following is an appropriate configuration that should be used?

a)Stripingb)Data miningc)Tetheringd)Mirroring

Apr 2018 · Question 14

In the new system environment of Company X, three systems including the customer management system, the ordering management system, and the call center system run at separate locations and connected via a network and they can complement one another in the event of a failure. Also, the system operations are managed at their respective locations. Which of the following is the greatest merit of this new system environment?

a)The integration of operations helps reduce the number of operating staff.b)Risks of disasters and other problems can be diversified.c)The versions of software can be controlled easily.d)Backup files can be managed in a consolidated manner.

Apr 2018 · Question 16

Which of the following is the term for the form of using a PC by itself without connecting it to any network?

a)Thin clientb)Single processorc)Standaloned)Peer to peer

Apr 2018 · Question 51

Availability, performance, data consistency, maintainability, and such other indicators are used to represent the capabilities and quality of a system. Which of the following is an appropriate description of availability?

a)Maintaining the integrity of associated datab)The time from giving instructions to the system to obtaining the resultsc)The degree to which system functions can be used including in the event of a system failured)The degree to which programs are easy to change

Oct 2018 · Question 14

In reliability engineering, which of the following is the index represented by the y-axis of a bathtub curve?

a)Failure rateb)Reliabilityc)Mean time between failuresd)Mean time to repair

Oct 2018 · Question 15

There are three devices, A, B, and C, with availabilities of 0.90, 0.95, and 0.95 respectively. Among the systems combining these devices shown below, which of the following has the highest availability? Here, at least one of the parallel-connected devices must be available, and all of the serially-connected devices must be available.

a)b)c)d)