ITPEC IP April 2025 Question 27
ITPEC IP April 2025 — Question 27 of 100
Normalization eliminates avoidable duplication and inconsistency — related facts are separated into well-structured tables with defined keys.
Storing the same fact repeatedly creates update anomalies: one copy may be changed while another remains old. Normalization reduces this redundancy and expresses dependencies through relationships, making insertion, update, deletion, and maintenance more reliable.
Answer (b)
Why not others:
- (a) proposes adding redundancy, the opposite of normalization's purpose
- (c) concerns character encoding rather than relational structure
- (d) concerns data compression; normalization can sometimes add joins and is not a lossless-compression method
Key rule: Normalize according to functional dependencies to prevent update anomalies, not merely to shrink files or standardize representation.
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