ITPEC IP October 2021 Question 33

Source exam: ITPEC IP October 2021Topic: Networks

ITPEC IP October 2021 — Question 33 of 100

Devices from different manufacturers or running different operating systems can communicate when they implement the same communication protocol. The protocol supplies shared rules for message format, sequence, timing, and error handling.

Answer (d)

Why not others:
- protocols can govern analog as well as digital communication

- manufacturers and industry groups can define protocols, not only international organizations

- robust protocols specify exceptional and error cases as well as normal exchanges

Key rule: A protocol enables interoperability by giving all communicating parties the same agreed rules, independent of their internal implementation.

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