ITPEC IP October 2021 Question 33
ITPEC IP October 2021 — Question 33 of 100
Devices from different manufacturers or running different operating systems can communicate when they implement the same communication protocol. The protocol supplies shared rules for message format, sequence, timing, and error handling.
Answer (d)
Why not others:
- protocols can govern analog as well as digital communication
- manufacturers and industry groups can define protocols, not only international organizations
- robust protocols specify exceptional and error cases as well as normal exchanges
Key rule: A protocol enables interoperability by giving all communicating parties the same agreed rules, independent of their internal implementation.
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