Basic Theory
81 questions · Fundamental Engineering · 51–81
Which of the following is an appropriate description of parity check (vertical parity) that handles transmission errors on a communication line?
Which of the following is the appropriate explanation of sequence control for controlling industrial devices?
For a non-negative integer x, which of the following gives the remainder after division of x by 8 as a result?
For three sets A, B and C, which of the following equalities holds? Here, ∪ and ∩ are the union and intersection symbols, respectively.
An adjacency matrix is used to indicate which vertices of a directed or undirected graph are adjacent to each other. Which of the following is an appropriate matrix that represents the directed graph below?
For two 8-bit signed integers A and B in 2’s complement format, which of the following will cause an overflow when the addition of A and B is executed?
What is the probability of getting at least two heads when a fair coin is flipped five times?
In machine learning, which of the following best describes the supervised learning?
Every year that is exactly divisible by four is a leap year, except for years that are exactly divisible by 100, but these centurial years are leap years if they are exactly divisible by 400. For example, the years 1700, 1800, and 1900 are not leap years, but the years 1600 and 2000 are. How many leap years are there between 1895 and 2021?
Which of the following is an appropriate equation of the XOR operator? Here, “ · ” represents the logical AND, “+” represents the logical OR, and P represents the inverse of P in the logical expression.
When the decimal arithmetic expression, 7 / 32, is evaluated, which of the following represents the result in binary?
A contradiction is a Boolean expression that always evaluates as FALSE for any assignment of truth values to its variables. Which of the following is a contradiction? Here, " · ", " + ", and " ‾ " represent the AND, OR, and NOT operators, respectively.
A factory manufactures the same products on two production lines, A and B. Line A manufactures 60% of all products, and B manufactures the remaining 40%. Defect rates of products manufactured in A and in B are 2% and 1%, respectively. When a product was randomly chosen for inspection among the products manufactured in this factory, it was found to be defective. What is the percentage of probability that the product was manufactured in Line A?
For an 8-bit code with the most significant bit as its parity bit, which of the following is used to obtain the lower seven (7) bits other than parity?
In machine learning, which of the following is an appropriate explanation of supervised learning?
For logical variables p and q, which of the following is a logical expressions that evaluates to true for any values of p and q?
A candy box contains four flavors of candies: 6 lemon-flavored, 12 strawberry-flavored, 8 orange-flavored, and 4 grape-flavored. When a candy is randomly chosen from the box, what is the probability that it is either lemon- or orange-flavored?
What is the result after evaluation of the following postfix expression? Here, symbols +, −, ×, and ÷ represent the arithmetic operators of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, respectively.
5 4 6 + × 4 9 3 ÷ + ×
For an eight-bit integer x represented in two’s complement format, which of the following yields the value of 5x? Here, the overflow or underflow can be ignored in this multiplication.
How many four-digit decimal numbers are made from four (4) different digits between 0 and 9? Here, a four-digit decimal number has a non-zero leading digit.
Which of the following is a logical expression equivalent to the exclusive-OR operation of logical variables p and q? Here, “∨”, “∧”, and “¬” are OR, AND, and NOT operators, respectively.
Among the bit strings of length 4, how many of them either start with 1 or end with 00?
A factory manufactures the same products in two production lines A and B, where 60% of the products are manufactured in A, and the remaining in B. Defective rates of the products manufactured in A and B are 2% and 1%, respectively. When a product was randomly chosen for inspection, it was found to be defective. What is the percent probability that the product was manufactured in A?
A regular expression [A-Z]+[0-9]* represents a set of character strings. Which of the following character strings belongs to this set? Here, the regular expression follows the rules below.
[A-Z] represents a single uppercase English character.
[0-9] represents a single decimal digit.
* indicates zero or more occurrences of the preceding element.
+ indicates one or more occurrences of the preceding element.
Currently, the number of customers is 8,000 with annual increase rate of 20%. By assigning a fixed length code using 26 uppercase alphabet A- Z to each customer, what is the minimum code length required to accommodate all the customers for next three years?
There is a register where an integer value is stored in binary. Let x be a positive integer which is stored into the register, then perform the operations below.
How many times larger than the integer x is the content of the register?
For two logical variables X and Y, a logical operation X NAND Y is defined as a composite operation NOT (X AND Y). Which of the following is equivalent to the logical operation X OR Y?
Which of the following bit strings is accepted by the automaton described in the state transition diagram below? Here, each string is processed one bit at a time in sequence from the left.