ITPEC FE Subject A October 2025 Question 48
In a business scenario where marketing managers analyze customer interests and sales patterns, design promotional campaigns, and then send targeted emails to customers, which of the following is a modeling technique used to represent how information flows between internal processes, data stores, and external entities?
Explanation
Data Flow Diagram (DFD) — its elements are exactly processes, data stores, external entities and the data flows between them.
In the scenario the customers are external entities, analysing interests and designing campaigns are processes, customer and sales data sit in data stores, and the targeted emails are data flows going out. A DFD shows what data moves where and which process transforms it, without control flow or timing.
Answer (b)
Why not others:
- •(a) Class Diagram — a UML diagram of classes, their attributes, operations and associations: static structure, no flow
- •(c) ERD — entities, their attributes and the relationships between them: the structure of stored data, not its movement between processes
- •(d) Use Case Diagram — actors and the functions the system offers them: what the system does for whom, not how data flows
Key rule: Choose a diagram by what it shows: data movement is a DFD, stored-data structure an ERD, class structure a class diagram, user-visible functions a use case diagram.
System Development Technology · AI-written, may contain errors
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