ITPEC FE Subject A April 2025 Question 35
Which of the following is the UML class diagram that shows a generalization relation?
Explanation
Sports car with a hollow triangle pointing to Automobile — generalization is drawn as a solid line ending in a hollow triangle at the more general class.
Generalization is the "is-a" relation: a sports car is a kind of automobile and inherits its attributes and operations. The triangle sits at the superclass (Automobile) and the plain end at the subclass (Sports car).
Answer (c)
Why not others:
- •(a) — a plain line with multiplicities 1 and 1 is an association: each automobile has one inspection certificate, but a certificate is not a kind of automobile
- •(b) — a dashed line with an open arrowhead is a dependency: Driver uses Automobile
- •(d) — filled diamonds at Automobile mark composition: Tire and Engine are parts of an automobile, a "has-a" relation
Key rule: Read a UML relation by its line and line end: hollow triangle for generalization, filled diamond for composition, hollow diamond for aggregation, dashed arrow for dependency, plain line for association.
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