ITPEC FE Subject A April 2024 Question 18

Creating entity-relationship diagrams — conceptual design with E-R diagrams comes before the tables of a relational database.

An E-R diagram identifies the entities, their attributes and the relationships between them, with cardinalities. That model is then mapped to tables, primary keys and foreign keys, and normalised.

Answer (b)

Why not others:

• •(a) — a network diagram describes network topology or, in project management, the order of activities, not data
• •(c) — a flowchart describes the steps of a process or program, not the structure of the data
• •(d) — C++ is a general-purpose programming language; a database is defined with SQL and can be built without any C++

Key rule: Relational database design moves from the conceptual model (E-R diagram) to the logical model (normalised tables and keys) to the physical implementation.

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